A treasury workstation is an earlier name for what is now generally called a treasury management system: specialist software that a company's treasury team uses to see its bank balances, forecast cash, make payments, record debt and investments and manage currency and interest rate exposure. The main entry describes these functions in detail.
The older term dates from the 1980s and 1990s, when the software was installed on a dedicated desktop computer in the treasury department and connected to banks by dial-up or file transfer to collect balance reports. As products moved to client-server and then cloud delivery, and widened to cover the whole of treasury operations, vendors and analysts shifted to the newer name. Treasury workstation is still used, particularly in North America and in bank and association literature, sometimes for a simpler product focused on cash positioning and bank reporting.
Whatever it is called, the system depends on bank connectivity. It receives statements, sends payment files and increasingly uses a treasury API for real-time data, and it passes accounting entries to the company's enterprise resource planning system.