Intraday liquidity monitoring is the process by which a bank observes, in or near real time, the funds available to it during the business day and the payments it must make and expects to receive. Its purpose is to make sure that time-critical obligations, are met when due, and that the bank knows how much intraday liquidity it uses. Positions are tracked on accounts at central banks, in real-time gross settlement systems, and on each nostro account with correspondent banks.
In 2013 the Basel Committee published a set of monitoring tools on which banks report to supervisors. They include the largest net cumulative outflow reached during the day, the liquidity available at the start of the day, total payments sent and received, time-specific obligations, and the intraday credit lines extended to customers. Banks use the results to size the liquidity buffer held for intraday needs, as part of wider liquidity risk management.