What are the main issues and current trends in international payment systems?

Thought there are so many issues, a couple of points that are noteworthy in international payments are as follows:

• Small value or micro payments are either impossible to do or extremely expensive. Payment protocols and platforms such as Bitcoin, et. al. can resolve that.
• Country agnostic, device agnostic, bank agnostic frictionless payment mechanisms are being explored and need much working on, for mass adoption.
• Universal identifiers for payments still do not exist. Is the universal identifier an IBAN account number? Cellphone number? National ID card number? Email address? Some other "wallet" address?
• KYC that are globally accepted and standards based are not available.
• AML checks on a global standards base are not available.
• Sub-decimal payments
• Loading / Off-loading money on other payment instruments are still very expensive and even more so, when they are cross-border.
• Universal protocol and payment stack for all financial and banking switches.